Axel T. Brunger was born in Leipzig, East Germany, on 25 November 1956. He graduated with a degree in Physics and Mathematics from the University of Hamburg in 1977 and later completed his Physics Diploma there in 1980. He then obtained a PhD in Biophysics from the Technical University of Munich in 1982, advised by Klaus Schulten.
After graduating, Brunger held a NATO postdoctoral fellowship to work with Martin Karplus at Harvard University, where he subsequently became a research associate in the department of chemistry after a brief return to Germany. In 1987, he joined the faculty in the Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University. In 2000, he moved to Stanford University, where he is currently Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and holds an appointment as Investigator in the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He served as the Chair of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology from 2013 to 2017.
Brunger is known for developing a computer program called CNS, which is used for solving structures based on X-ray diffraction or solution NMR data. The program is an extension of X-PLOR, a 1987 program developed with John Kuriyan and Martin Karplus, and has become a standard in the field. Brunger's research group currently studies the molecular mechanism of synaptic vesicle fusion in neurotransmission.
Axel Brunger Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University http://atbweb.stanford.edu/ Crystallography & NMR system: A new software suite for macromolecular structure determination AT Brünger, PD Adams, GM Clore, WL DeLano, P Gros, … Biological Crystallography 54 (5), 905-921, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ruyezt5ZtCIC Cited by: 20659
X-PLOR: version 3.1: a system for x-ray crystallography and NMR AT Brünger Yale University Press, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:XoXfffV-tXoC Cited by: 6832
Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-475, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:kVjdVfd2voEC Cited by: 5140
The free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures, AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-474, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:U4n9YNQMCAIC Cited by: 5140
Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution RB Sutton, D Fasshauer, R Jahn, AT Brunger Nature 395 (6700), 347-353, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u-x6o8ySG0sC Cited by: 2945
Crystallographic R factor refinement by molecular dynamics AT Brünger, J Kuriyan, M Karplus Science 235 (4787), 458-460, 1987 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C Cited by: 2827
Version 1.2 of the Crystallography and NMR system AT Brunger Nature protocols 2 (11), 2728-2733, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC Cited by: 1564
Molecular Switch for Signal Transduction: Structural Differences Between Active and Inactive Forms of Protooncogenic ras Proteins MV Milburn, L Tong, AM DeVos, A Brünger, Z Yamaizumi, S Nishimura, … Science 247 (4945), 939-945, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C Cited by: 1379
Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q-and R-SNAREs D Fasshauer, RB Sutton, AT Brunger, R Jahn Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 95 (26), 15781-15786, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC Cited by: 1336
Slow-cooling protocols for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing AT Brünger, A Krukowski, JW Erickson Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 46 (7), 585-593, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:Ug5p-4gJ2f0C Cited by: 808
Assessment of phase accuracy by cross validation: the free R value. Methods and applications AT Brünger Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography 49 (1), 24-36, 1993 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:0N-VGjzr574C Cited by: 744
Stochastic boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations of ST2 water A Brünger, CL Brooks III, M Karplus Chemical physics letters 105 (5), 495-500, 1984 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:PVjk1bu6vJQC Cited by: 735
X-PLOR version 3.1 manual AT Brünger Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:4hFrxpcac9AC Cited by: 655
Determination of three-dimensional structures of proteins by simulated annealing with interproton distance restraints. Application to crambin, potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor … M Nilges, AM Gronenborn, AT Brünger, GM Clore Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 2 (1), 27-38, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:FPJr55Dyh1AC Cited by: 655
Polar hydrogen positions in proteins: empirical energy placement and neutron diffraction comparison AT Brünger, M Karplus Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 4 (2), 148-156, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ClCfbGk0d_YC Cited by: 617
Encyclopedia of computational chemistry PR Schleyer (No Title), 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:F2UWTTQJPOcC Cited by: 594
ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes J Diao, R Liu, Y Rong, M Zhao, J Zhang, Y Lai, Q Zhou, LM Wilz, J Li, … Nature 520 (7548), 563-566, 2015 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:fQNAKQ3IYiAC Cited by: 583
Checking your imagination: applications of the free R value GJ Kleywegt, AT Brünger Structure 4 (8), 897-904, 1996 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:86PQX7AUzd4C Cited by: 547
Transglutaminase 2 undergoes a large conformational change upon activation DM Pinkas, P Strop, AT Brunger, C Khosla PLoS biology 5 (12), e327, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ufrVoPGSRksC Cited by: 530
Cross-validated maximum likelihood enhances crystallographic simulated annealing refinement PD Adams, NS Pannu, RJ Read, AT Brünger Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94 (10), 5018-5023, 1997 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:5qfkUJPXOUwC Cited by: 525
Axel Brunger Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University http://atbweb.stanford.edu/ Crystallography & NMR system: A new software suite for macromolecular structure determination AT Brünger, PD Adams, GM Clore, WL DeLano, P Gros, … Biological Crystallography 54 (5), 905-921, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ruyezt5ZtCIC Cited by: 20659
X-PLOR: version 3.1: a system for x-ray crystallography and NMR AT Brünger Yale University Press, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:XoXfffV-tXoC Cited by: 6832
Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-475, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:kVjdVfd2voEC Cited by: 5140
The free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures, AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-474, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:U4n9YNQMCAIC Cited by: 5140
Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution RB Sutton, D Fasshauer, R Jahn, AT Brunger Nature 395 (6700), 347-353, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u-x6o8ySG0sC Cited by: 2945
Crystallographic R factor refinement by molecular dynamics AT Brünger, J Kuriyan, M Karplus Science 235 (4787), 458-460, 1987 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C Cited by: 2827
Version 1.2 of the Crystallography and NMR system AT Brunger Nature protocols 2 (11), 2728-2733, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC Cited by: 1564
Molecular Switch for Signal Transduction: Structural Differences Between Active and Inactive Forms of Protooncogenic ras Proteins MV Milburn, L Tong, AM DeVos, A Brünger, Z Yamaizumi, S Nishimura, … Science 247 (4945), 939-945, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C Cited by: 1379
Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q-and R-SNAREs D Fasshauer, RB Sutton, AT Brunger, R Jahn Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 95 (26), 15781-15786, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC Cited by: 1336
Slow-cooling protocols for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing AT Brünger, A Krukowski, JW Erickson Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 46 (7), 585-593, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:Ug5p-4gJ2f0C Cited by: 808
Assessment of phase accuracy by cross validation: the free R value. Methods and applications AT Brünger Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography 49 (1), 24-36, 1993 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:0N-VGjzr574C Cited by: 744
Stochastic boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations of ST2 water A Brünger, CL Brooks III, M Karplus Chemical physics letters 105 (5), 495-500, 1984 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:PVjk1bu6vJQC Cited by: 735
X-PLOR version 3.1 manual AT Brünger Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:4hFrxpcac9AC Cited by: 655
Determination of three-dimensional structures of proteins by simulated annealing with interproton distance restraints. Application to crambin, potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor … M Nilges, AM Gronenborn, AT Brünger, GM Clore Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 2 (1), 27-38, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:FPJr55Dyh1AC Cited by: 655
Polar hydrogen positions in proteins: empirical energy placement and neutron diffraction comparison AT Brünger, M Karplus Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 4 (2), 148-156, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ClCfbGk0d_YC Cited by: 617
Encyclopedia of computational chemistry PR Schleyer (No Title), 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:F2UWTTQJPOcC Cited by: 594
ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes J Diao, R Liu, Y Rong, M Zhao, J Zhang, Y Lai, Q Zhou, LM Wilz, J Li, … Nature 520 (7548), 563-566, 2015 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:fQNAKQ3IYiAC Cited by: 583
Checking your imagination: applications of the free R value GJ Kleywegt, AT Brünger Structure 4 (8), 897-904, 1996 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:86PQX7AUzd4C Cited by: 547
Transglutaminase 2 undergoes a large conformational change upon activation DM Pinkas, P Strop, AT Brunger, C Khosla PLoS biology 5 (12), e327, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ufrVoPGSRksC Cited by: 530
Cross-validated maximum likelihood enhances crystallographic simulated annealing refinement PD Adams, NS Pannu, RJ Read, AT Brünger Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94 (10), 5018-5023, 1997 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:5qfkUJPXOUwC Cited by: 525
Axel Brunger Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University http://atbweb.stanford.edu/ Crystallography & NMR system: A new software suite for macromolecular structure determination AT Brünger, PD Adams, GM Clore, WL DeLano, P Gros, … Biological Crystallography 54 (5), 905-921, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ruyezt5ZtCIC Cited by: 20659
X-PLOR: version 3.1: a system for x-ray crystallography and NMR AT Brünger Yale University Press, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:XoXfffV-tXoC Cited by: 6832
Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-475, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:kVjdVfd2voEC Cited by: 5140
The free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures, AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-474, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:U4n9YNQMCAIC Cited by: 5140
Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution RB Sutton, D Fasshauer, R Jahn, AT Brunger Nature 395 (6700), 347-353, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u-x6o8ySG0sC Cited by: 2945
Crystallographic R factor refinement by molecular dynamics AT Brünger, J Kuriyan, M Karplus Science 235 (4787), 458-460, 1987 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C Cited by: 2827
Version 1.2 of the Crystallography and NMR system AT Brunger Nature protocols 2 (11), 2728-2733, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC Cited by: 1564
Molecular Switch for Signal Transduction: Structural Differences Between Active and Inactive Forms of Protooncogenic ras Proteins MV Milburn, L Tong, AM DeVos, A Brünger, Z Yamaizumi, S Nishimura, … Science 247 (4945), 939-945, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C Cited by: 1379
Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q-and R-SNAREs D Fasshauer, RB Sutton, AT Brunger, R Jahn Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 95 (26), 15781-15786, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC Cited by: 1336
Slow-cooling protocols for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing AT Brünger, A Krukowski, JW Erickson Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 46 (7), 585-593, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:Ug5p-4gJ2f0C Cited by: 808
Assessment of phase accuracy by cross validation: the free R value. Methods and applications AT Brünger Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography 49 (1), 24-36, 1993 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:0N-VGjzr574C Cited by: 744
Stochastic boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations of ST2 water A Brünger, CL Brooks III, M Karplus Chemical physics letters 105 (5), 495-500, 1984 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:PVjk1bu6vJQC Cited by: 735
X-PLOR version 3.1 manual AT Brünger Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:4hFrxpcac9AC Cited by: 655
Determination of three-dimensional structures of proteins by simulated annealing with interproton distance restraints. Application to crambin, potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor … M Nilges, AM Gronenborn, AT Brünger, GM Clore Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 2 (1), 27-38, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:FPJr55Dyh1AC Cited by: 655
Polar hydrogen positions in proteins: empirical energy placement and neutron diffraction comparison AT Brünger, M Karplus Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 4 (2), 148-156, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ClCfbGk0d_YC Cited by: 617
Encyclopedia of computational chemistry PR Schleyer (No Title), 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:F2UWTTQJPOcC Cited by: 594
ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes J Diao, R Liu, Y Rong, M Zhao, J Zhang, Y Lai, Q Zhou, LM Wilz, J Li, … Nature 520 (7548), 563-566, 2015 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:fQNAKQ3IYiAC Cited by: 583
Checking your imagination: applications of the free R value GJ Kleywegt, AT Brünger Structure 4 (8), 897-904, 1996 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:86PQX7AUzd4C Cited by: 547
Transglutaminase 2 undergoes a large conformational change upon activation DM Pinkas, P Strop, AT Brunger, C Khosla PLoS biology 5 (12), e327, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ufrVoPGSRksC Cited by: 530
Cross-validated maximum likelihood enhances crystallographic simulated annealing refinement PD Adams, NS Pannu, RJ Read, AT Brünger Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94 (10), 5018-5023, 1997 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:5qfkUJPXOUwC Cited by: 525
Axel Brunger Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University http://atbweb.stanford.edu/ Crystallography & NMR system: A new software suite for macromolecular structure determination AT Brünger, PD Adams, GM Clore, WL DeLano, P Gros, … Biological Crystallography 54 (5), 905-921, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ruyezt5ZtCIC Cited by: 20659
X-PLOR: version 3.1: a system for x-ray crystallography and NMR AT Brünger Yale University Press, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:XoXfffV-tXoC Cited by: 6832
Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-475, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:kVjdVfd2voEC Cited by: 5140
The free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures, AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-474, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:U4n9YNQMCAIC Cited by: 5140
Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution RB Sutton, D Fasshauer, R Jahn, AT Brunger Nature 395 (6700), 347-353, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u-x6o8ySG0sC Cited by: 2945
Crystallographic R factor refinement by molecular dynamics AT Brünger, J Kuriyan, M Karplus Science 235 (4787), 458-460, 1987 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C Cited by: 2827
Version 1.2 of the Crystallography and NMR system AT Brunger Nature protocols 2 (11), 2728-2733, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC Cited by: 1564
Molecular Switch for Signal Transduction: Structural Differences Between Active and Inactive Forms of Protooncogenic ras Proteins MV Milburn, L Tong, AM DeVos, A Brünger, Z Yamaizumi, S Nishimura, … Science 247 (4945), 939-945, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C Cited by: 1379
Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q-and R-SNAREs D Fasshauer, RB Sutton, AT Brunger, R Jahn Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 95 (26), 15781-15786, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC Cited by: 1336
Slow-cooling protocols for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing AT Brünger, A Krukowski, JW Erickson Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 46 (7), 585-593, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:Ug5p-4gJ2f0C Cited by: 808
Assessment of phase accuracy by cross validation: the free R value. Methods and applications AT Brünger Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography 49 (1), 24-36, 1993 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:0N-VGjzr574C Cited by: 744
Stochastic boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations of ST2 water A Brünger, CL Brooks III, M Karplus Chemical physics letters 105 (5), 495-500, 1984 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:PVjk1bu6vJQC Cited by: 735
X-PLOR version 3.1 manual AT Brünger Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:4hFrxpcac9AC Cited by: 655
Determination of three-dimensional structures of proteins by simulated annealing with interproton distance restraints. Application to crambin, potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor … M Nilges, AM Gronenborn, AT Brünger, GM Clore Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 2 (1), 27-38, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:FPJr55Dyh1AC Cited by: 655
Polar hydrogen positions in proteins: empirical energy placement and neutron diffraction comparison AT Brünger, M Karplus Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 4 (2), 148-156, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ClCfbGk0d_YC Cited by: 617
Encyclopedia of computational chemistry PR Schleyer (No Title), 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:F2UWTTQJPOcC Cited by: 594
ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes J Diao, R Liu, Y Rong, M Zhao, J Zhang, Y Lai, Q Zhou, LM Wilz, J Li, … Nature 520 (7548), 563-566, 2015 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:fQNAKQ3IYiAC Cited by: 583
Checking your imagination: applications of the free R value GJ Kleywegt, AT Brünger Structure 4 (8), 897-904, 1996 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:86PQX7AUzd4C Cited by: 547
Transglutaminase 2 undergoes a large conformational change upon activation DM Pinkas, P Strop, AT Brunger, C Khosla PLoS biology 5 (12), e327, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ufrVoPGSRksC Cited by: 530
Cross-validated maximum likelihood enhances crystallographic simulated annealing refinement PD Adams, NS Pannu, RJ Read, AT Brünger Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94 (10), 5018-5023, 1997 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:5qfkUJPXOUwC Cited by: 525
Axel Brunger
Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University
http://atbweb.stanford.edu/
Crystallography & NMR system: A new software suite for macromolecular structure determination AT Brünger, PD Adams, GM Clore, WL DeLano, P Gros, … Biological Crystallography 54 (5), 905-921, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ruyezt5ZtCIC Cited by: 20659
X-PLOR: version 3.1: a system for x-ray crystallography and NMR AT Brünger Yale University Press, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:XoXfffV-tXoC Cited by: 6832
Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-475, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:kVjdVfd2voEC Cited by: 5140
The free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures, AT Brunger Nature 355, 472-474, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:U4n9YNQMCAIC Cited by: 5140
Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution RB Sutton, D Fasshauer, R Jahn, AT Brunger Nature 395 (6700), 347-353, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u-x6o8ySG0sC Cited by: 2945
Crystallographic R factor refinement by molecular dynamics AT Brünger, J Kuriyan, M Karplus Science 235 (4787), 458-460, 1987 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C Cited by: 2827
Version 1.2 of the Crystallography and NMR system AT Brunger Nature protocols 2 (11), 2728-2733, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC Cited by: 1564
Molecular Switch for Signal Transduction: Structural Differences Between Active and Inactive Forms of Protooncogenic ras Proteins MV Milburn, L Tong, AM DeVos, A Brünger, Z Yamaizumi, S Nishimura, … Science 247 (4945), 939-945, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C Cited by: 1379
Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q-and R-SNAREs D Fasshauer, RB Sutton, AT Brunger, R Jahn Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 95 (26), 15781-15786, 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC Cited by: 1336
Slow-cooling protocols for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing AT Brünger, A Krukowski, JW Erickson Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 46 (7), 585-593, 1990 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:Ug5p-4gJ2f0C Cited by: 808
Assessment of phase accuracy by cross validation: the free R value. Methods and applications AT Brünger Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography 49 (1), 24-36, 1993 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:0N-VGjzr574C Cited by: 744
Stochastic boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations of ST2 water A Brünger, CL Brooks III, M Karplus Chemical physics letters 105 (5), 495-500, 1984 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:PVjk1bu6vJQC Cited by: 735
X-PLOR version 3.1 manual AT Brünger Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1992 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:4hFrxpcac9AC Cited by: 655
Determination of three-dimensional structures of proteins by simulated annealing with interproton distance restraints. Application to crambin, potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor … M Nilges, AM Gronenborn, AT Brünger, GM Clore Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 2 (1), 27-38, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:FPJr55Dyh1AC Cited by: 655
Polar hydrogen positions in proteins: empirical energy placement and neutron diffraction comparison AT Brünger, M Karplus Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 4 (2), 148-156, 1988 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ClCfbGk0d_YC Cited by: 617
Encyclopedia of computational chemistry PR Schleyer (No Title), 1998 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:F2UWTTQJPOcC Cited by: 594
ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes J Diao, R Liu, Y Rong, M Zhao, J Zhang, Y Lai, Q Zhou, LM Wilz, J Li, … Nature 520 (7548), 563-566, 2015 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:fQNAKQ3IYiAC Cited by: 583
Checking your imagination: applications of the free R value GJ Kleywegt, AT Brünger Structure 4 (8), 897-904, 1996 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:86PQX7AUzd4C Cited by: 547
Transglutaminase 2 undergoes a large conformational change upon activation DM Pinkas, P Strop, AT Brunger, C Khosla PLoS biology 5 (12), e327, 2007 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:ufrVoPGSRksC Cited by: 531
Cross-validated maximum likelihood enhances crystallographic simulated annealing refinement PD Adams, NS Pannu, RJ Read, AT Brünger Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94 (10), 5018-5023, 1997 Link: https://scholar.google.com/citations?viewop=viewcitation&hl=en&user=fXsieHkAAAAJ&citationforview=fXsieHkAAAAJ:5qfkUJPXOUwC Cited by: 525
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