T cells 1 , also known as T lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell that plays a central role in cell_mediated immunity.
Derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow.
They mature in the thymus, which is where they get their name ("T" stands for thymus).
Activate other immune cells, including B cells and CD8+ T cells.
Recognize antigens presented by MHC class II molecules.
Directly destroy infected or cancerous cells.
Recognize antigens presented by MHC class I molecules.
Suppress or regulate immune responses, preventing autoimmunity and overactive immune reactions.
Long-lived cells that "remember" previous encounters with pathogens and can mount a rapid response upon re-exposure.
Recognize and respond to foreign antigens.
Coordinate other parts of the immune system.
Play a role in immune memory, allowing the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens.
Present on the surface of T cells.
Allows T cells to recognize specific antigens in the form of peptide fragments bound to MHC molecules on the surface of other cells.
T cells are targeted by HIV, leading to the progressive loss of immune function in AIDS patients.
T cell therapies, like CAR-T, have been developed for certain cancers.
Autoimmune diseases can result from dysfunctional T cell activity.
T cells are a vital component of the adaptive immune system, distinguishing them from innate immune cells.
Their activity is regulated by a balance of activating and inhibitory signals to ensure a proper immune response without damage to the host.
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